Krakatau

Krakatau Islands vulkanik which is still active and located in the Sunda between Java and Sumatra. This name is never disematkan on a volcanic peak in there that, because the eruption on 26-27 August 1883, and sirna. Letusannya very formidable diakibatkannya and tsunami that killed about 36,000 people. Until December 26, 2004, the tsunami is that terdahsyat in the Indian Ocean region. Voice is heard to bang in Alice Springs, Australia, and Africa, near the island of Rodrigues, 4653 kilometers. Ledaknya power is estimated to reach 30,000 times diledakkan the atom bomb in Hiroshima and Nagasaki at the end of World War II.
Krakatau eruption caused global climate change. The world was dark for two and a half hours due to volcanic dust that covered the atmosphere. The sun is shining dim until next year. Hamburan dust in the sky appear to Norway to New York.
Krakatau explosion is still less than the eruption of Mount Toba and Mount Tambora in Indonesia, Gunung Tanpo in New Zealand and Mt Katmal in Alaska. However, these mountains in the remote detonate the human population is very small. Meanwhile, when Mount Krakatau erupt, the human population is dense enough, science and technology has developed, is found telegraph, and cable have been installed under the sea. Thus it can be said that while information technology is growing and developing rapidly.
Noted that the eruption of Mount Krakatau is the first great disaster in the world after the invention of telegraph under the sea. Progress is, unfortunately, has not been offset by progress in the field of geology. The geologist was not even able to give explanations on the explosion is.
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Development of Mount Krakatau
Mount Krakatau Ancient
See the area of Mount Krakatau in the Sunda, experts estimate that in the ancient period there is a huge mountain in the Sunda that eventually burst leaving a tremendous kaldera a (big mouth) called Ancient Mount Krakatau, which is the parent of Mount Krakatau in the burst 1883. This mountain of rocks arranged andesitik.
Notes on the Ancient Krakatau eruption taken from a text titled Ancient Javanese King Reader Parwa estimated comes from the year 416 BC. The contents, among other states:
"It's the sound of thunder comes from the thunder of Mount Batuwara. There is also a frightening jolt the earth, total darkness, thunder and lightning. Then came the wind and rain storms which chilling and all the storms darken the world. A big flood came from the Mount Batuwara and flow to the east toward Mount Kamula .... When water menenggelamkannya, Java separate into two, creating Sumatra island
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Geological experts B.G. Escher and several other experts argued that the nature of the incident told comes from the Ancient Krakatau Mount, in which the text is called the Mount Batuwara. According to the book Reader Parwa King, the Ancient Krakatau higher reaches 2000 meters above sea level, and a circle 11 kilometers to reach the beach.
Due to the great explosion, the three-quarters of the body Ancient Krakatau destroyed leaving kaldera (large craters) in the Sunda. Hand-side or edge kawahnya known as Rakata Island, Long Island and Island Sertung, in another note called the island of Rakata, Rakata Island and Small Island Sertung. That this mountain eruption responsible for the occurrence of medieval darkness in the earth. Disease bubonic plague occur because of temperature freeze. This plague is significantly reducing the number of people in the face of the earth.
Bursting is also considered to participate on at least the end the triumph of the ancient Persian, Roman transmutasi Kingdom to the Kingdom of Byzantium, the end of South Arabia, extinction large Maya city, Tikal and the fall of the Nazca in South America full of puzzles. Ancient Krakatau explosion is estimated to last for 10 days with an estimated speed of vomitus mass reach 1 million tons per second. Explosion has been formed shield the atmosphere setebal 20-150 meters, lower the temperature of 5-10 degrees for 10-20 years.
The emergence of Mount Krakatau


Development of Mount Krakatau
Rakata island, which is one of the three remaining islands of Mount Krakatau Ancient and grow in accordance with the encouragement vulkanik in the belly of the earth, known as Mount Krakatau (or Gunung Rakata) made of rock basaltik. Then, two volcano emerged from the crater, named Danan Mountain and Mount Perbuwatan which then integrates with Mt Rakata that appears first. Unity this is the third volcano called Mount Krakatau.
Mount Krakatau erupt once in the year 1680 produced lava andesitik acid. Then in 1880, Mount Perbuwatan active lava issued but not erupt. After that time, no more volcanic activity at Krakatau to 20 May 1883. On that day, 200 years after the fall, a small explosion occurred at Mount Krakatau. That marks the beginning of a future eruption in the Sunda terrible. Small explosion and then followed this with a bang-bang small peak occurred in 26-27 August 1883.
Erupsi 1883
On Monday, 27 August 1883, 10:20 hours exactly, meledaklah mountain. According to Simon Winchester, a graduate geologist Oxford English author who is also the National Geographic said that the explosion was the greatest, most hard sound and the most vulkanik events meluluhlantakkan in modern human history. Letusannya voice heard until 4600 km from the center of explosion and can be heard even by 1 / 8 of the earth at that time.
According to researchers at the University of North Dakota, with explosion explosion Krakatau Tambora (1815) notes the value of volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) in modern history. The Guinness Book of Records record the explosion of Krakatau explosion as the most powerful in recorded history.
Krakatau explosion was stone-pumice and ash vulkanik with volume 18 cubic kilometers. Bursts of dust vulkanisnya mencavai 80 km. Objects of the air flow to the fall in the island of Java and Sumatra and even to Sri Lanka, India, Pakistan, Australia and New Zealand.
Eruption that destroyed the Mount Danan, Mount Perbuwatan and part of Mount Rakata where half kerucutnya lost, making cavity selebar 7 km deep and 250 meters. Sea waves rising up to 40 meters destroy the villages and what you are in the coastal beach. Tsunami relief is not only due to detonation, but also soil erosion under the sea.
The number of victims who died reached 36,417 people came from 295 villages from the coastal area of Merak (Serang) to Cilamaya in Karawang, to the west coast of Banten on the island of Tanjung Layar Panaitan (Ujung Kulon, and the southern Sumatra. Ujungkulon in, the flood go to 15 km to the west. The next day until a few days later, the Jakarta and Lampung hinterland no longer see the sun. Gelombang Tsunami caused even spread to the coast of Hawaii, the west coast of Central America and the Arab Peninsula 7 thousand kilometers away
Son of Krakatau


Son of Krakatau
Start in 1927 or approximately 40 years after Mount Krakatau meletusnya, appear volcano known as the Son of Krakatau kaldera ancient region that is still active and still be high. High-speed growth of about 20 inches per month. Each year it becomes more about 20 feet high and 40 feet wider. Note the addition of another high-about 4 cm per year and if it is calculated, then in 25 years time the addition of high child Rakata reached 7500 inches or 500 feet higher than the previous 25 years. The cause of the high mountains is caused by the material out of the belly of the mountain that new. When the Son of Krakatau is the height reached around 230 meters above sea level, while Mount Krakatau have previous high of 813 meters above sea level.
According to Simon Winchester, despite what happens in the life of Krakatau, which was very scary, reality-reality geological, seismic and tektonik in Java and Sumatra that will ensure that the strange what happens on the first of these will happen again. No one is sure to know when will the Son of Krakatau erupt. Some experts predict geological eruption will occur in between 2015-2083. However, the influence of the earthquake in the bottom of the Indian Ocean on 26 December 2004 also can not be ignored.
According to Professor Ueda Nakayama one vulcanologist berkebangsaan Japan, the Son of Krakatau is still relatively safe and active even though there is often a small explosion, there are only certain times of the tourists are prohibited from approaching the danger area and the red-hot lava that dimuntahkan this volcano. Other experts claim that there is no coherent theory about the Son of Krakatau that will erupt again. Even if there is at least 3 centuries or more after the 2325 M. However, the clear, the number of victims caused more awesome than the previous eruption.